Scenario
Wells Fargo was the darling of the banking industry, with some of the highest returns on
equity in the sector and a soaring stock price. Top management touted the company’s
lead in “cross-selling”: the sale of additional products to existing customers. “Eight is
great,” as in eight Wells Fargo products for every customer, was CEO John Stumpf’s
mantra.
In September 2016, Wells Fargo announced that it was paying $185 million in fines for
the creation of over 2 million unauthorized customer accounts. It soon came to light that
the pressure on employees to hit sales quotas was immense: hourly tracking, pressure
from supervisors to engage in unethical behavior, and a compensation system based
heavily on bonuses.
Wells Fargo also confirmed that it had fired over 5,300 employees over the past few
years related to shady sales practices. CEO John Stumpf claimed that the scandal was
the result of a few bad apples who did not honor the company’s values and that there
were no incentives to commit unethical behavior. The board initially stood behind the
CEO, but soon after received his resignation and “clawed back” millions of dollars in his
compensation.
Further reporting found more troubling information. Many employees had quit under the
immense pressure to engage in unethical sales practices, and some were even fired for
reporting misconduct through the company’s ethics hotline. Senior leadership was aware
of these aggressive sales practices as far back as 2004, with incidents as far back as
2002 identified.
The Board of Directors commissioned an independent investigation that identified
cultural, structural, and leadership issues as root causes of the improper sales practices.
The report cites the wayward sales culture and performance management system; the
decentralized corporate structure that gave too much autonomy to the division’s leaders;
and the unwillingness of leadership to evaluate the sales model, given its longtime
success for the company. 400-800 words
The findings of the independent investigation into Wells Fargo’s unethical sales practices were deeply concerning. To start, there were clear cultural, structural and leadership issues that allowed this to occur. In particular, the aggressive sales culture was a major factor in encouraging employees to engage in improper behavior. This was reinforced by an overly incentivized compensation system based heavily on bonuses, as well as a decentralized structure that gave too much authority to division leaders who had no incentive to question or change the successful sales model.
Furthermore, it was found that senior leadership at Wells Fargo had known about these aggressive sales practices since 2004 and perhaps even further back than 2002 when incidents first began occurring. Such information indicates that for years prior to the 2016 announcement of their fines for creating unauthorized customer accounts, Wells Fargo management failed to address these issues adequately—if at all—and took little action despite knowledge of potential misconduct from its own employees who reported such activity through the ethics hotline.
What is most alarming about this situation is how things progressed over time until it finally reached a breaking point with substantial fines being imposed by regulators on September 2016—all while investors continued rewarding increased stock prices led by Stumpf’s “Eight is great” mantra which encouraged cross-selling more products for customers regardless if they needed them not not. The Board has subsequently taken steps towards correcting past mistakes by clawing back millions in executive pay along with commissioning an independent investigation into root causes of improper conduct; however one must still reflect upon how different things could have been had earlier initiative been taken against such behaviors before events spun out of control leading up until now..