The formation of flagella in sperm.

  1. You are studying the formation of flagella in sperm. The following dynamic stability graph (looking at cytoskeleton length) was generated from the addition of different components to growth media. At each time point (letter) a drug / protein / molecule was added and the change in length was seen. For each letter, state what might have been added to the media and your rationale. For your answer, just list A-G and state the drug / protein / molecule added and why it affected the length of the flagella. You cannot use the same drug / protein / molecule twice. 2. What technique would you use to visualize the experiment in question 1. Explain (a) how the technique works, (b) why you chose that technique, and (c) what you would expect to see during the experiment. 3. On the home page for chapter 13 was an image of a cell extending its filopodia and coronaviruses moving along the filopodia to reach the next cell. Draw a cell with an extending filopodia. Label the cytoskeleton components, including the accessory proteins that you would find in the filopodia. 4. Draw 4 normal epithelial cells, the basal lamina, and ECM. Label the cell-cell junctions, cellECM junctions, and components of the ECM. Now, draw a metastasizing melanoma cell breaking through the basal lamina and crawling away from its original location. 5. Draw 2 cardiac cells - the first sending the signal to contract to the second cell. The second cell is then contracting. Be sure to include the signaling molecule and what a contraction looks like at the molecular level. 6. You are studying smooth muscle contraction. You add non-hydrolyzable ATP. This means ATP cannot be hydrolyzed to ADP and Pi. Diagram what happens during a normal smooth muscle contraction and explain what would happen when this form of ATP is added. Be specific! 7. What is this diagram representing? And what is each box (A-C) pointing to? A. shared cell component B. Name the space C. What could these represent? Give 3 possibilities. 8. Fill in the chart below. What I want you to determine is what would happen to a healthy tissue if the following proteins were missing. Pretend we can magically make these proteins disappear. I have given you a specific tissue type for each protein. (Hint: think about what the normal function of that protein is for that specific tissue and then answer what would happen to the cell / tissue if the protein magically disappeared.) Be specific in your answer. Be sure your answer relates to the specific protein and tissue type. Be sure to cite your sources if you look up information. protein that magically disappears tissue / cell type effect on cell / tissue type MMPs cancer claudins intestine connexin cardiac cells GTP-tubulin cancer dynein sperm ankyrin RBC (red blood cell) collagen skin integrins crawling cell