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Sanctions have long been a tool utilized by nations in order to influence the actions of other countries. In Daniel W. Drezner’s article “How Not To Sanction” he discusses the various successes and failures of sanctions and provides insight on how to best utilize them as a tool for effecting change. He believes that while sanctions can be effective, they must be used strategically or else may fail to produce results.

Drezner argues that in order for sanctions to be effective, they should specifically target those responsible for an action or activity instead of targeting people more broadly or groups within society as this can lead to unintended consequences such as increased hardship on innocent individuals who are not directly involved with the issue at hand. Additionally, he suggests that targeted sanctions should also be coupled with diplomatic efforts so that there is a clear understanding of why the sanction is being employed, along with potential paths towards resolution and alleviation of restrictions if certain conditions are met.

Sanctions should also not focus solely on economic means but should aim for holistic measures which address political, social, cultural and security interests alongside economic ones; this way it is more likely to create an incentive structure towards lasting behavioral change from targeted countries or entities rather than just temporary compliance due to fear of punishment alone. Furthermore, Drezner contends that international cooperation between different nations will increase the effectiveness of any given sanction since a unified effort supporting similar goals is more likely to achieve success than one nation imposing its own unilateral measures against another state (or entity).

In conclusion, while sanctions can indeed serve as an effective tool when utilized properly according to Drezner’s guidelines; care must be taken when formulating policy surrounding their use so as not to inadvertently harm innocent individuals and parties uninvolved with contentious issues nor rely solely upon punitive measures without attempting negotiations first in order promote lasting solutions rather than short-term gains through fear factor alone.

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