Horizontal and vertical integration of health care organizations

Compare and contrast horizontal and vertical integration of health care organizations (hospitals and health systems). Why would one type of integration be preferred over the other? In your response, please consider the major trends that have occurred in this segment of health care over the last 5-10 years.
Williams, S. J., & Torrens, P. R. (2008). Introduction to health services (7th ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning.