PART 1: Enter the correct choice
25 questions, 2 points for each question – 50 points
_____ 1. An ontological argument for the existence of God
* (a) claims that God is the first cause of all things
* (b) assumes God to be the ultimate designer of the universe
* (c) proves God by focusing on his being
* (d) assumes that God created the world but does not interfere with it
_____ 2. According to St. Anselm,
* (a) God cannot exist in the understanding alone
* (b) it is absurd to claim that the Creator is above his creation
* (c) the fool believes that God exists only in reality and not in the understanding
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* (d) it is a contradiction to claim that God exists
_____ 3. St. Anselm’s proof for the existence of God
* (a) is similar to St. Thomas Aquinas’ argument from possibility and necessity
* (b) was criticized by David Hume
* (c) was referred to by Kierkegaard as proper way of proving God
* (d) was revived by Descartes in the 17th century
_____ 4. Aquinas’ Argument from Motion
* (a) claims that God is the first efficient cause
* (b) claims that God is the greatest being we can conceive
* (c) claims that whatever is moved must be moved by something else
* (d) involves a fool as non-believer
_____ 5. Aquinas’ Argument from the Governance of the World is also called
* (a) a teleological argument
* (b) an ontological argument
* (c) the argument from first efficient cause
* (d) a natural law argument
_____ 6. David Hume claims that
* (a) the world God created is the best of all possible worlds
* (b) God is a being of supreme goodness and perfection
* (c) this world is imperfect and therefor God does not exist
* (d) none of the above
_____ 7. Soren Kierkegaard is claimed to be
* (a) a critic of the “new” Christianity
* (b) the father of Existentialism
* (c) the originator of the Argument from Design
* (d) all of the above
_____ 8. “The absurd is the measure of the intensity of faith in inwardness” is a claim made by
* (a) Friedrich Nietzsche
* (b) David Hume
* (c) Soren Kierkegaard
* (d) St. Anselm
_____ 9. Friedrich Nietzsche claimed that
* (a) genuine faith requires a “leap of faith”
* (b) Christianity rests on sacrifice, self-denial, and a hatred of everything strong
* (c) the Christian God can be proven with rational arguments
* (d) the belief in the Christian God is paradox and absurd
_____ 10. Beyond Good and Evil
* (a) is a text written by Soren Kierkegaard
* (b) is part of the Old Testament
* (c) is a philosophical analysis of Christianity as subjective truth
* (d) is a text written by Friedrich Nietzsche
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_____ 11. “God is dead” is a claim made by
* (a) Friedrich Nietzsche
* (b) David Hume
* (c) Jean-Paul Sartre
* (d) the editors of our textbook
_____ 12. Philosophy of Religion
* (a) is a form of Ethics
* (b) is the same as Theology
* (c) can only be done by people who have faith in God
* (d) aims to find rational arguments for religious questions and issues
_____ 13. Ethics, as the systematic study of morality, asks which of the following questions?
* (a) What can we know with certainty?
* (b) How should we act?
* (c) What is the essence of reality?
* (d) What is human nature?
_____ 14. Moral or Ethical Relativism means that
* (a) moral values are universal
* (b) moral values are the same in all cultures
* (c) moral values differ from person to person
* (d) moral values are a matter of training personal excellence
_____ 15. Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics
* (a) is a form of ethical absolutism and presupposes an absolute good
* (b) is similar to Utilitarianism
* (c) is a predecessor of Existentialism
* (d) assumes the moral good to be a means between two extremes
_____ 16. Immanuel Kant
* (a) agrees with John Stuart Mill that an action is morally good if it contributes to the greatest happiness of the
greatest number of people
* (b) was an ethical relativist
* (c) considered duty as the central category of his ethics
* (d) wrote the Nichomachean Ethics
_____ 17. Happiness is “an activity of the soul in accordance with perfect virtue” is a statement made by
* (a) John Stuart Mill
* (b) Aristotle
* (c) Friedrich Nietzsche
* (d) None of the above
_____ 18. Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative states that
* (a) what guides our actions should become a universal law
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* (b) only a Master Morality can achieve its goals
* (c) a moral action aims at the greatest amount of pleasure and the absence of pain
* (d) we have to train our character in order to achieve moral excellence
_____ 19. Friedrich Nietzsche’s distinction between a Master Morality and a Slave Morality
* (a) is the same as John Stuart Mill’s distinction between higher and lower pleasures
* (b) rests on the notion of moral duty and is thus a version of deontology
* (c) aims at the means between two extremes
* (d) none of the above
_____ 20. The story of the student who is torn between staying with his mother or going to war, is an example
discussed by
* (a) John Stuart Mill
* (b) Friedrich Nietzsche
* (c) Jean-Paul Sartre
* (d) none of the above
21. to 25. Relate the following names of Philosophers to the appropriate terms or titles:
_____ 21. Friedrich Nietzsche (a) Ontological Argument
_____ 22. Jean-Paul Sartre (b) Argument from Design
_____ 23. St. Thomas Aquinas (c) The Antichrist
_____ 24. Soren Kierkegaard (d) Greatest Happiness Principle
_____ 25. John Stuart Mill (e) Paradox and Absurd
(f) Categorical Imperative
(g) Choice and Responsibility