You are an electrical engineer designing a new integrated circuit involving potentially millions of components. How would you use graph theory to organize how many layers your chip must have to handle all of the interconnections? Which properties of graphs come into play in such a circumstance?

Trees occur in various venues in computer science: decision trees in algorithms, search trees, and so on. In linguistics, one encounters trees as well, typically as parse trees, which are essentially sentence diagrams, such as those you might have had to do in primary school, breaking a natural-language sentence into its components—clauses, subclauses, nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, prepositions, and so on. What might be the significance of the depth and breadth of a parse tree relative to the sentence it represents? If you need to, look up parse tree and natural language processing on the Internet to see some examples.