After carefully review of the 4 clients and my present job I choose to work with Michael the 60 years old guy who, smokes two-and-a half packs of cigarettes every day and has for the past 30 years. He is not taking any medications and has no family history of asthma, allergy, or cardiovascular disease (CVD). He recently went to the emergency room and complained of being short of breath.

Explain the cause

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